Ƙarshen saman PCB (Printed Circuit Board) yana nufin nau'in sutura ko jiyya da aka yi amfani da shi ga alamun tagulla da aka fallasa a saman allo.Ƙarshen saman yana aiki da dalilai da yawa, gami da kare faɗuwar jan ƙarfe daga iskar shaka, haɓaka solderability, da samar da fili mai faɗi don abin da aka makala yayin taro.Ƙarshen saman daban-daban suna ba da matakan aiki daban-daban, farashi, da dacewa tare da takamaiman aikace-aikace.
Zinare-plating da zinare nutsewa ana amfani da su sosai wajen samar da allon da'ira na zamani.Tare da haɓaka haɗin kai na ICs da haɓakar adadin fil, tsarin feshin solder na tsaye yana gwagwarmaya don daidaita ƙananan fatun solder, yana haifar da ƙalubale don taron SMT.Bugu da ƙari, rayuwar shiryayye na faranti da aka fesa gajeru ne.Tsarin gwal-plating ko immersion na zinariya yana ba da mafita ga waɗannan batutuwa.
A cikin fasahar dutsen ƙasa, musamman don ƙananan ƙananan abubuwa kamar 0603 da 0402, ƙarancin solder pads kai tsaye yana tasiri ingancin bugu na solder, wanda hakan ke tasiri sosai ga ingancin siyarwar sake kwarara mai zuwa.Sabili da haka, ana yin amfani da cikakken allo-plating zinariya ko nutsewa zinariya sau da yawa a cikin girma-yawa da matsananci-kananan matakan hawan dutse.
A lokacin samar da gwaji, saboda dalilai kamar siyan kayan, galibi ba a siyar da alluna nan da nan da isowa.Maimakon haka, suna iya jira na makonni ko ma watanni kafin a yi amfani da su.Rayuwar rayuwar da aka yi wa zinari da allunan zinare na nutsewa ya fi tsayi fiye da na allunan kwano.Saboda haka, an fi son waɗannan matakai.Farashin PCBs na gwal da aka yi wa gwal da nutsewa a lokacin matakin samfurin yana kwatankwacin na alloy-tin alloy.
1. Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold (ENIG): Wannan hanya ce ta PCB ta gama gari.Ya ƙunshi shafa Layer na nickel maras amfani a matsayin tsaka-tsaki a kan pads ɗin solder, sannan sai wani Layer na zinari na nutsewa a saman nickel.ENIG yana ba da fa'idodi kamar ingantaccen solderability, flatness, juriya na lalata, da ingantaccen aikin siyarwa.Halayen zinariya kuma suna taimakawa wajen hana iskar shaka, don haka haɓaka kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci.
2. Hot Air Solder Leveling (HASL): Wannan wata hanyar magani ce ta gama gari.A cikin tsarin HASL, ana tsoma pad ɗin siyar a cikin narkakken gwangwani kuma ana busa sodar da ta wuce gona da iri ta hanyar amfani da iska mai zafi, a bar baya da wani nau'in siyar da kayan masarufi.Fa'idodin HASL sun haɗa da ƙananan farashi, sauƙi na masana'anta da siyarwa, kodayake daidaiton samansa da kwanciyar hankali na iya zama ƙasa kaɗan.
3. Electroplating Zinariya: Wannan hanya ta haɗa da sanya wani nau'in zinari na lantarki akan pads ɗin.Zinariya ta yi fice a cikin ƙarfin lantarki da juriya na lalata, don haka inganta ingancin siyarwa.Koyaya, platin zinari gabaɗaya ya fi tsada idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin.Ana amfani dashi musamman a aikace-aikacen yatsan zinare.
4. Organic Solderability Preservatives (OSP): OSP ya ƙunshi yin amfani da kwayoyin kariya Layer zuwa gammaye solder don kare su daga hadawan abu da iskar shaka.OSP yana ba da fa'ida mai kyau, solderability, kuma ya dace da aikace-aikacen aikin haske.
5. Tin Immersion: Mai kama da zinare nutsewa, tin ɗin nutsewa ya haɗa da shafa pads ɗin solder tare da Layer na tin.Tin na nutsewa yana ba da kyakkyawan aikin siyarwa kuma yana da ƙarancin tsada idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin.Duk da haka, maiyuwa bazai yi girma kamar zuriyar zinari ba dangane da juriyar lalata da kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci.
6. Nickel/Gold Plating: Wannan hanya tana kama da nickel plating, amma bayan sanya nickel maras amfani, ana shafa Layer na tagulla sannan a yi gyaran ƙarfe.Wannan tsarin yana ba da kyakkyawan aiki da juriya na lalata, wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen babban aiki.
7. Plating Azurfa: Platin Azurfa ya haɗa da lulluɓe pads ɗin da aka yi da azurfa.Azurfa yana da kyau kwarai dangane da aiki, amma yana iya yin oxidize lokacin da aka fallasa shi zuwa iska, yawanci yana buƙatar ƙarin kariya.
8. Hard Gold Plating: Ana amfani da wannan hanyar don haɗin haɗi ko wuraren tuntuɓar soket waɗanda ke buƙatar sakawa da cirewa akai-akai.Ana amfani da kauri mai kauri na zinari don samar da juriya da aikin lalata.
Bambance-bambance tsakanin Zinare-Tsarin Zinare da Zinare na Immersion:
1. Tsarin lu'ulu'u da aka kafa ta hanyar zinare-plating da zinare na nutsewa ya bambanta.Zinariya-plating yana da siraren zinare mafi ƙanƙanta idan aka kwatanta da zinare na nutsewa.Gilashin zinari yana nuna ya zama rawaya fiye da zinare na nutsewa, wanda abokan ciniki ke samun gamsuwa.
2. Zinare nutsewa yana da halaye masu kyau na siyarwa idan aka kwatanta da zinare-plating, rage lahani na siyarwa da gunaguni na abokin ciniki.Allolin zinari na nutsewa suna da ƙarin damuwa mai iya sarrafawa kuma sun fi dacewa da hanyoyin haɗin kai.Duk da haka, saboda yanayin laushinsa, zinare na nutsewa ba ya dawwama ga yatsun zinariya.
3. Zurfin zinari kawai yana sanya nickel-zinariya akan pads ɗin siyarwa, baya shafar watsa sigina a cikin yadudduka na tagulla, yayin da sanya zinare na iya yin tasiri ga watsa sigina.
4. Hard zinariya plating yana da wani denser crystal tsarin idan aka kwatanta da nutsewa zinariya, sa shi kasa mai saukin kamuwa da hadawan abu da iskar shaka.Zinare na nutsewa yana da ɗan ƙaramin gwal mai sirara, wanda zai iya ba da damar nickel ya yaɗu.
5. Zinare nutsewa ba shi da yuwuwar haifar da gajerun hanyoyin wayoyi a cikin ƙira mai girma idan aka kwatanta da zinare-plating.
6. Zinare nutsewa yana da mafi kyawun mannewa tsakanin solder resists da jan karfe yadudduka, wanda ba ya shafar tazara a lokacin ramuwa matakai.
7. Ana amfani da zinari mai nutsewa sau da yawa don allunan buƙatu mafi girma saboda mafi kyawun sa.Gilashin zinari gabaɗaya yana guje wa abin da ya faru bayan taro na baƙar fata.Lalacewa da rayuwar shiryayye na allunan zinari na nutsewa suna da kyau kamar waɗanda aka yi wa zinari.
Zaɓin hanyar jiyya mai dacewa ta saman yana buƙatar la'akari da abubuwa kamar aikin lantarki, juriya na lalata, farashi, da buƙatun aikace-aikace.Dangane da ƙayyadaddun yanayi, ana iya zaɓar hanyoyin jiyya masu dacewa don saduwa da ka'idodin ƙira.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-18-2023
